While it is no surprise that compiling with --enable-strip (as we do it now) does not deliver debug symbols, using --disable-strip seems not enough to fix this bug.
--disable-install-strip is missing as well. It seems the .mozconfig we used for ESR 17 did not make it into ESr 24 branches. Mike: could you just merge the old one (from the latest ESR 17 branch)? That fixes the issue for me. It contains --disable-updater as well which is missing for Linux, too.