Changes between Version 50 and Version 51 of doc/OpenbsdChrootedTor


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Timestamp:
Mar 1, 2018, 4:38:47 AM (12 months ago)
Author:
gman999
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  • doc/OpenbsdChrootedTor

    v50 v51  
    44
    55== Running Tor in a chroot under OpenBSD ==
    6 
    76We have taken the instructions on the Tor Project wiki as a starting point, and have adapted them to suit OpenBSD. We assume basic Unix shell skills and some familiarity with using OpenBSD; the FAQs and man pages are highly recommended.
    87
    … …  
    109
    1110= Preliminaries =
    12 
    1311= Filesystem =
    14 
    1512From the mount(8) man page:
    1613
    17            nodev      Do not interpret character or block special devices on
    18                       the file system.  This option is useful for a server
    19                       that has file systems containing special devices for
    20                       architectures other than its own.
     14`
    2115
    22 The installer marks fstab entries for partitions created during installation as nodev by default; only the root filesystem, where /dev lives, is not. This presents a problem for Tor in a chroot, because Tor needs to use three device special files: /dev/random, /dev/urandom and /dev/null. The usual way of making device files available in a chroot is to use the mknod(8) command in the chroot, but if the chroot lives on a filesystem mounted nodev (likely under OpenBSD) this will not work as expected when Tor tries to use the device.
     16  nodev         Do not interpret character or block special devices on[[BR]]                      the file system.  This option is useful for a server[[BR]]                      that has file systems containing special devices for[[BR]]                     architectures other than its own.
     17
     18` The installer marks fstab entries for partitions created during installation as nodev by default; only the root filesystem, where /dev lives, is not. This presents a problem for Tor in a chroot, because Tor needs to use three device special files: /dev/random, /dev/urandom and /dev/null. The usual way of making device files available in a chroot is to use the mknod(8) command in the chroot, but if the chroot lives on a filesystem mounted nodev (likely under OpenBSD) this will not work as expected when Tor tries to use the device.
    2319
    2420A discussion of disk partitioning and configuration is beyond the scope of this document. The FAQ on Disk Partitioning in the Installer has links to the relevant documentation. If you wish to make a small partition available for use as a chroot area this is where to start.
    … …  
    2622For our purposes here we will take another approach: create a small filesystem stored in a regular user file and mount it without the nodev option. The vnconfig(8) command is the key. Let's start by being careful and looking at what, if any files have been attached to vnd(4) devices:
    2723
    28      $ doas vnconfig -l
    29      vnd0: covering /home/me/something/file.img on sd0k, inode 4783121
    30      vnd1: not in use
    31      vnd2: not in use
    32      vnd3: not in use
     24  $ doas vnconfig -l[[BR]] vnd0: covering /home/me/something/file.img on sd0k, inode 4783121[[BR]] vnd1: not in use[[BR]] vnd2: not in use[[BR]] vnd3: not in use
    3325
    3426A couple important points:
    3527
    36    by default there are four vnd devices configured;
    37    if one is in use and you vnconfig it again it is overwritten, so you need to know which ones are not in use;
    38    nothing in the system will use a vnd device by default.
     28 * by default there are four vnd devices configured;
     29 * if one is in use and you vnconfig it again it is overwritten, so you need to know which ones are not in use;
     30 * nothing in the system will use a vnd device by default.
    3931
    4032In the above example vnd0 is already in use. This means we should use vnd1 for the chroot; we'll use vnd1 for the rest of this document to stay consistent, but the point is: use an unused vnd device for the chroot filesystem.
    … …  
    4234First, prepare a file to hold the disk image and attach it as vnd1:
    4335
    44      $ dd if=/dev/zero of=chroot.img bs=1m count=50
    45      $ doas vnconfig vnd1 chroot.img
     36  $ dd if=/dev/zero of=chroot.img bs=1m count=50 $ doas vnconfig vnd1 chroot.img
    4637
    4738Next, use disklabel(8) to add a partition of the right type that takes up all of the virtual disk; for simplicity we use the interactive editor (-E option); in the transcript below user input is entered after the > prompt:
    4839
    49      $ doas disklabel -E vnd1
    50      Label editor (enter '?' for help at any prompt)
    51      > a a
    52      offset: [0]
    53      size: [102400]
    54      FS type: [4.2BSD]
    55      > w
    56      > q
    57      No label changes.
     40  $ doas disklabel -E vnd1 [[BR]]Label editor (enter '?' for help at any prompt)[[BR]]> a a[[BR]]offset: [0][[BR]]size: [102400][[BR]]FS type: [4.2BSD] [[BR]]>w[[BR]]>q [[BR]]No label changes.
    5841
    5942Finally, create a filesystem on the partition we just created (/dev/vnd1a):
    6043
    61      $ doas newfs /dev/rvnd1a
     44  $ doas newfs /dev/rvnd1a
    6245
    6346At this point you can mount /dev/vnd1a somewhere in your filesystem and use it for the chroot; we will mount it under /home/tor/chroot below. Once you are done using the chroot (no Tor process running anymore), you can do the following to clean up:
    6447
    65      $ doas umount /home/tor/chroot
    66      $ doas vnconfig -u vnd1
     48  $ doas umount /home/tor/chroot[[BR]]$ doas vnconfig -u vnd1
    6749
    6850== Ports Tree ==
    69 
    7051We assume you have the ports tree unpacked under /usr/ports. Read the anoncvs documentation and follow its instructions for getting a copy of the ports tree.
    7152
    … …  
    7556
    7657== Basic Chroot Setup ==
    77 
    7858There are several elements that must be taken into account:
    7959
    80    shared libraries;
    81    the password database;
    82    device nodes;
    83    directory structure and ownership;
    84    Tor software and configuration.
     60 * shared libraries;
     61 * the password database;
     62 * device nodes;
     63 * directory structure and ownership;
     64 * Tor software and configuration.
    8565
    8666First off, set an environment variable to point at the base directory of the chroot. We use this everywhere in subsequent commands:
    8767
    88      $ TORCHROOT=/home/tor/chroot
     68  $ TORCHROOT=/home/tor/chroot
    8969
    9070Note that this only sets this variable in your current shell. If you switch terminals or shells then you'll have to set it again.
    … …  
    9272Add a “tor” user and home directory:
    9373
    94      $ doas useradd -d /home/tor -s /sbin/nologin tor
    95      $ doas mkdir /home/tor
    96      $ doas chown tor:tor /home/tor
     74  $ doas useradd -d /home/tor -s /sbin/nologin tor[[BR]]$ doas mkdir /home/tor[[BR]]$ doas chown tor:tor    /home/tor
    9775
    9876Mount our little filesystem under /home/tor/chroot:
    9977
    100      $ doas mkdir /home/tor/chroot
    101      $ doas chown tor:tor /home/tor/chroot
    102      $ mount /dev/vnd1a /home/tor/chroot
     78  $ doas mkdir /home/tor/chroot[[BR]]$ doas chown tor:tor    /home/tor/chroot[[BR]]$ mount /dev/vnd1a /home/tor/chroot
    10379
    10480== Compile Tor and Install in Chroot ==
    105 
    10681We'll now use the ports tree to grab the Tor source code, verify it is the right stuff, unpack it, patch it (if necessary) and build it:
    10782
    108      $ cd /usr/ports/net/tor
    109      $ env SUDO=doas make
     83  $ cd /usr/ports/net/tor[[BR]]$ env SUDO=doas make
    11084
    11185This will download, verify, extract and patch the tor source code and leave it in a port-specific directory under the ports build area, /usr/ports/pobj. It will also ensure that everything needed to build the port is installed. We set the SUDO environment variable in the make invocation in case any ports on which Tor depends on must be installed prior to building; this tells the ports system to become root at the appropriate times to install pacakges that are created as a by-product of chasing down these dependencies. As of this writing there is only one dependency (libevent) for Tor but as that changes these instructions should remain valid.
    … …  
    11589Next, we change working directories to the root of the source tree:
    11690
    117      $ cd `make show=WRKSRC`
    118      $ doas make install prefix=$TORCHROOT exec_prefix=$TORCHROOT sysconfdir=$TORCHROOT/etc
     91  $ cd `make show=WRKSRC`[[BR]]$ doas make install prefix=$TORCHROOT exec_prefix=$TORCHROOT sysconfdir=$TORCHROOT/etc
    11992
    12093The make show=FOO idiom is useful in the ports tree generally; it shows you the full expansion of a make(1) variable used in the port's Makefile. The WRKSRC variable will contain the name of the working source tree directory, which is where we want to go. There is comprehensive documentation on this and the other variables used in ports Makefiles in the bsd.port.mk(5) man page.
    121 Shared Libraries
     94
     95'''Shared Libraries'''
    12296
    12397We must deal with shared libraries both for the tor binary and for a system utility that we will copy into the chroot, pwd_mkdb(8). We also need ldconfig(8) in the chroot:
    12498
    125      $ doas mkdir $TORCHROOT/sbin
    126      $ doas cp /sbin/ldconfig $TORCHROOT/sbin
    127      $ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/usr/sbin
    128      $ doas cp /usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb $TORCHROOT/usr/sbin
     99  $ doas mkdir $TORCHROOT/sbin[[BR]]$ doas cp /sbin/ldconfig $TORCHROOT/sbin[[BR]]$ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/usr/sbin [[BR]]$ doas cp /usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb $TORCHROOT/usr/sbin
    129100
    130101We must copy all shared libraries that both pwd_mkdb and tor need into the right places under the chroot. We define a shell function called shlibpaths to make the commands easier to type:
    131102
    132      $ shlibpaths () {
    133          ldd $1 | sed -e 1,3d | awk '{print substr($7,2)}'
    134      }
    135      $ tar -C / -cf - `shlibpaths $TORCHROOT/bin/tor` | doas tar -C $TORCHROOT -xf -
    136      $ tar -C / -cf - `shlibpaths $TORCHROOT/usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb` | doas tar -C $TORCHROOT -xf -
     103  $ shlibpaths () {
     104    ldd $1 | sed -e 1,3d | awk '{print substr($7,2)}'
     105  } [[BR]]$ tar -C / -cf - `shlibpaths $TORCHROOT/bin/tor`    | doas tar -C $TORCHROOT -xf -[[BR]]$ tar -C / -cf - `shlibpaths $TORCHROOT/usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb`    | doas tar -C $TORCHROOT -xf -
    137106
    138107The shlibpaths function works like so:
    139108
    140     ldd(1) spits out the raw list of shared libraries;
    141     sed(1) removes the first three lines of output, which are noise for our purposes;
    142     awk(1) pulls out the seventh whitespace-separated column and prints all but the first character, making the path to the shared library relative to root.
     109  ldd(1) spits out the raw list of shared libraries;[[BR]]sed(1) removes the first three lines of output, which are noise for our purposes;[[BR]]awk(1) pulls out the seventh whitespace-separated column and prints all but the first character, making the path to the shared library relative to root.
    143110
    144111The -C option to tar(1) tells tar to change directories to the given place before doing anything else. In both cases the tar command at the head of the pipe packs up the shared libraries in question and the tar command at the tail of the pipe unpacks them under the chroot.
    … …  
    146113Now all the shared libraries that tor and pwd_mkdb depend on are in $TORCHROOT/usr/lib and $TORCHROOT/usr/local/lib. We must now run ldconfig in the chroot to set up the /var/run/ld.so.hints file:
    147114
    148      $ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/run
    149      $ doas chroot $TORCHROOT /sbin/ldconfig /usr/lib /usr/local/lib
     115  $ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/run $ doas chroot $TORCHROOT /sbin/ldconfig /usr/lib /usr/local/lib
    150116
    151117Now that we have pwd_mkdb usable in the chroot, set up a minimal password database:
    152118
    153      $ doas sh -c "grep ^tor /etc/passwd > $TORCHROOT/etc/passwd"
    154      $ doas sh -c "grep ^tor /etc/group > $TORCHROOT/etc/group"
    155      $ doas sh -c "grep ^tor /etc/master.passwd > $TORCHROOT/etc/master.passwd"
    156      $ doas sh -c "grep ^_shadow /etc/group >> $TORCHROOT/etc/group"
    157      $ doas chroot $TORCHROOT /usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb /etc/master.passwd
     119  $ doas sh -c "grep ^   tor /etc/passwd > $TORCHROOT/etc/passwd"[[BR]]$ doas sh -c "grep ^   tor /etc/group > $TORCHROOT/etc/group"[[BR]]$ doas sh -c "grep ^   tor /etc/master.passwd > $TORCHROOT/etc/master.passwd"[[BR]]$ doas sh -c "grep ^   _shadow /etc/group >> $TORCHROOT/etc/group"[[BR]]$ doas chroot $TORCHROOT /usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb /etc/master.passwd
    158120
    159121Set up device nodes that Tor needs:
    160122
    161      $ doas mkdir $TORCHROOT/dev
    162      $ doas mknod -m 644 $TORCHROOT/dev/random c 45 0
    163      $ doas mknod -m 644 $TORCHROOT/dev/urandom c 45 2
    164      $ doas mknod -m 666 $TORCHROOT/dev/null c 2 2
     123  $ doas mkdir $TORCHROOT/dev[[BR]]$ doas mknod -m 644 $TORCHROOT/dev/random c 45 0[[BR]]$ doas mknod -m 644 $TORCHROOT/dev/urandom c 45 2[[BR]]$ doas mknod -m 666 $TORCHROOT/dev/null c 2 2
    165124
    166125At this point the software and basic system configuration in the chroot is complete.
    167126
    168127== Configure Tor ==
    169 
    170128Create a minimal Tor configuration in the chroot:
    171129
    172      $ doas sh -c "cat > $TORCHROOT/etc/tor/torrc"
    173      User tor
    174      DataDirectory /var/lib/tor
    175      GeoIPFile /share/tor/geoip
    176      PidFile /var/run/tor/tor.pid
    177      Log notice file /var/log/tor/log
    178      ^D
     130  $ doas sh -c "cat > $TORCHROOT/etc/tor/torrc" [[BR]]User tor[[BR]]DataDirectory    /var/lib/tor[[BR]]GeoIPFile /share/tor/geoip[[BR]]PidFile    /var/run/tor/tor.pid[[BR]]Log notice file /var/log/tor/log[[BR]]^!^D^
    179131
    180132Create the run-time directories needed by tor and make sure they are owned by the tor user and have the right permissions:
    181133
    182      $ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/run/tor
    183      $ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/lib/tor
    184      $ doas chmod 700 $TORCHROOT/var/lib/tor
    185      $ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/log/tor
    186      $ doas chown tor:tor $TORCHROOT/var/run/tor
    187      $ doas chown tor:tor $TORCHROOT/var/lib/tor
    188      $ doas chown tor:tor $TORCHROOT/var/log/tor
     134  $ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/run/tor[[BR]]$ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/lib/tor[[BR]]$ doas chmod 700 $TORCHROOT/var/lib/tor[[BR]]$ doas mkdir -p $TORCHROOT/var/log/tor[[BR]]$ doas chown tor:tor    $TORCHROOT/var/run/tor[[BR]]$ doas chown tor:tor    $TORCHROOT/var/lib/tor[[BR]]$ doas chown tor:tor    $TORCHROOT/var/log/tor
    189135
    190136== Start Tor ==
    191 
    192137Finally, you should be able to start Tor in the chroot:
    193138
    194      $ doas chroot $TORCHROOT /bin/tor
     139  $ doas chroot $TORCHROOT /bin/tor
    195140
    196141This should produce output that looks something like:
    197142
    198   Oct 04 16:46:55.116 [notice] Tor 0.3.0.10 (git-c33db290a9d8d0f9) running on OpenBSD with Libevent 2.0.22-stable, OpenSSL LibreSSL 2.6.3 and Zlib 1.2.3.
    199   Oct 04 16:46:55.116 [notice] Tor can't help you if you use it wrong! Learn how to be safe at https://www.torproject.org/download/download#warning
    200   Oct 04 16:46:55.126 [notice] Read configuration file "/etc/tor/torrc".
    201   Oct 04 16:46:55.192 [notice] Opening Socks listener on 127.0.0.1:9050
     143  Oct 04 16:46:55.116 [notice] Tor 0.3.0.10 (git-c33db290a9d8d0f9) running on OpenBSD with Libevent 2.0.22-stable, OpenSSL LibreSSL 2.6.3 and Zlib 1.2.3.[[BR]]Oct 04 16:46:55.116 [notice] Tor can't help you if you use it wrong! Learn how to be safe at https://www.torproject.org/download/download#warning [[BR]]Oct 04 16:46:55.126 [notice] Read configuration file "/etc/tor/torrc".[[BR]]Oct 04 16:46:55.192 [notice] Opening Socks listener on 127.0.0.1:9050
    202144
    203145It will also produce a verbose log of its operation in $TORCHROOT/var/log/tor/log.
    204146
    205 You can interrupt Tor when run this way by pressing ^C. If you want Tor to fork into the background and run as a daemon, add one more line to your torrc file:
     147You can interrupt Tor when run this way by pressing ^C. If you want Tor to fork into the background and run as a daemon, add one more line to your torrc file:^
    206148
    207      $ doas sh -c "echo RunAsDaemon 1 >> $TORCHROOT/etc/tor/torrc"
     149  $ doas sh -c "echo RunAsDaemon    1 >> $TORCHROOT/etc/tor/torrc"
    208150
    209151If you start Tor with the above command after adding that line it will start silently and continue running. To shut it down use the PidFile we configured above:
    210152
    211      $ doas sh -c "kill `cat $TORCHROOT/var/run/tor/tor.pid`"
     153  $ doas sh -c "kill `cat $TORCHROOT/var/run/tor/tor.pid`   "
    212154
    213155At this point your chroot'ed Tor installation is working and listening for SOCKS connections on port 9050.
    214